TM 55-1510-222-10
GRAPH AND TABULAR TERMINOLOGY.
AGL
Above ground level.
Best Angle of Climb
The best angle-of-climb speed is the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the
shortest possible horizontal distance with gear and flaps up.
Best Rate of Climb
The best rate-of-climb speed is the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the
shortest possible time with gear and flaps up.
Clean Configuration
Gear and flaps up.
Climb Gradient
The ratio of the change in height during a portion of a climb, to the horizontal distance traversed
in the same time interval.
Demonstrated Cross-
The maximum 90° crosswind component for which adequate control of the aircraft wind during
takeoff and landing was actually demonstrated during certification tests.
Gradient
The ratio of the change in height to the horizontal distance, usually expressed in percent.
Maximum Zero Fuel
Any weight above the value given must be loaded as fuel.
Weight
MEA
Minimum Enroute Altitude.
Obstacle Clearance
Obstacle clearance climb speed is a speed near Vx and Vy1.1 times power off stall speed, or 1.2
Climb Speed
times minimum single-engine stall speed, whichever is higher.
Ramp Weight
The gross weight of the aircraft before engine start. Included is the takeoff weight plus a fuel
allowance for start, taxi, run up and takeoff ground roll to lift-off.
Route Segment
A part of a route. Each end of that part is identified by a geographic location, or a point at which
a finite radio fix can be established.
Service Ceiling
The altitude at which the minimum rate of climb of 100 feet per minute can be attained for
existing aircraft weight.
Takeoff Weight
The weight of the aircraft at lift-off from the runway.
Turbine Gas Tempera- Eight probes wired in parallel indicate the temperature between the compressor and
power
ture (TGT)
turbines.
WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY.
Arm
The distance from the center of gravity of an object to aline about which moments are to be
computed.
Approved Loading
Those combinations of aircraft weight and center of gravity which define the limits beyond which
Envelope
loading is not approved.
Basic Empty Weight
The aircraft weight with unusable fuel, full oil, and full operating fluids.
Center-of-Gravity
A point at which the weight of an object may be considered concentrated for weight and balance
purposes.
CG Limits
CG limits are the extremes of movement which the CG can have without making the aircraft
unsafe to fly. The CG of the loaded aircraft must be within these limits at takeoff, in the air, and
on landing.
B-4
