TM  55-1510-221-10 C H A P T E R   8 N o r m a l   P r o c e d u r e s Section  I. MISSION  PLANNING 8-l.  MISSION  PLANNING. Mission   planning   begins   when   the   mission   is assigned   and   extends  to  the  preflight  check  of  the aircraft.  It  includes,  but  is  not  limited  to,  checks  of operating   limits   and   restrictions;   weight,   balance, and   loading;   performance:   publications;   flight   plan; and  crew  and  passenger  briefings.  The  pilot  in  com- mand   shall   insure   compliance   with   the   contents   of this  manual  that  are  applicable  to  the  mission. 8-2. OPERATING LIMITS AND RESTRICTIONS. Minimum,   maximum,   normal,   and   cautionary operational   ranges   represent   careful   aerodynamic and  structural  calculations,  substantiated  by  flight test  data.  These  limitations  must  be  adhered  to  dur- ing  all  phases  of  the  mission.  Refer  to  Chapter  5, OPERATING   LIMITS   AND   RESTRICTIONS,   for detailed  information. 8-3.  WEIGHT,  BALANCE,  AND  LOADING. The  aircraft  must  be loaded  and  weight  and  bal- ance  verified  per  Chapter  6.  WEIGHT,  BALANCE, AND   LOADING. 8-4.  PERFORMANCE. Refer   to   Chapter   7,   PERFORMANCE   DATA, to  determine  the  capability  of  the  aircraft  for  the entire   mission.   Consideration   must   be   given   to changes   in   performance   resulting   from   variation   in loads,   temperatures,   and   pressure   altitudes.   Record the  data  on  the  Performance  Planning  Card  for  use in  completing  the  flight    plan   and   for   reference throughout   the   mission. 8-5. FLIGHT PLAN. A  flight  plan  must  be AR  95-1,  DOD  FLIP,  and 8-6. CREW BRIEFINGS. completed  and  filed  per local   regulations. A  crew  briefing  must  be  conducted  for  a  thor- ough   understanding   of   individual   and   team   respon- sibilities.  The  briefing  should  include,  but  not  be limited   to,   copilot,   crew   chief,   and   ground   crew responsibilities   and   the   coordination   necessary   to complete   the   mission   most   efficiently.   A   review   of visual  signals  is  desirable  when  ground  guides  do  not have  a  direct  voice  communications  link  with  the crew.  Refer  to  Section  VI  for  crew  briefings. Section II. OPERATlNG  PROCEDURES  AND  MANEUVERS 8-7.  OPERATING  PROCEDURES  AND  MANEU- VERS. This   section   deals   with   normal   procedures   and includes  all  steps  necessary  for  safe  and  efficient operation   of   the   aircraft   from   the   time   a   preflight begins  until  the  flight  is  completed  and  the  aircraft is   parked   and   secured.   Unique   feel,   characteristics, and  reaction  of  the  aircraft  during  various  phases   of operation  and  the  techniques  and  procedures  used for   taxiing, takeoff.   climb.   etc.,   are   described, including   precautions   to   be   observed.   Only   the duties  of  the  minimum  crew  necessary  for  the  actual operation  of  the  aircraft  are  included.  For  operation of  avionics  equipment.  refer  to  the  operating  hand- books  that  accompany  the  aircraft  loose  tools. 8-8.   ADDITIONAL   DATA. Additional  crew  duties  are  covered  as  necessary in  Section  VI,  CREW  DUTIES.  Mission  equipment checks   are   contained   in   Chapter   4,   MISSION EQUIPMENT.  Procedures  specifically  related  to instrument  flight  that  are-different  from  normal  pro- cedures  are  covered  in  this  section  following  normal procedures.   Descriptions   of   functions,   operations, and   effects   of   controls   are   covered   in   Section   III, FLIGHT  CHARACTERISTICS,  and  are  repeated  in this  section  only  when  required  for  emphasis. Checks   that   must   be   made   under   adverse   environ- mental   conditions,   such   as   desert   and   cold   weather operations,  supplement  normal  procedures  checks  in this  section  and  are  covered  in  Section  V, ADVERSE    ENVIRONMENTAL    CONDITIONS. 8-1